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EDUCATION EXPRESS Emerging Technologies
NEW Whitepapers Added Occupancy Sensors
Introduction to Lighting Control Fluorescent Dimming
Construction Forecast Daylight Harvesting
Codes HID Control
Legislation Design, Integration, Commissioning
Research Troubleshooting
Sustainability Archives

EDUCATION EXPRESS

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.


LATEST LIGHTING CONTROLS ASSOCIATION PUBLICATIONS

Lighting Upgrades and Facility Management
TFM Magazine, June 2009
Increased efficiency in this sphere is more important than ever, according to this article reprinted with permission of Today's Facility Manager Magazine. The article, originally published in April 2009, presents the results from a survey, sponsored by NEMA/EnLIGHTen America, which examines facility managers' attitudes on their plans to proceed.

DOE Web Tool Lights the Way Beyond 90.1 for Retail Buildings
Illuminate Magazine, May 2009
Commercial Lighting Solutions 1.0 for Retail seeks to stimulate adoption of advanced lighting technologies and design practices by making them available to the broader lighting specification community, not just the leaders in the field. The result is an extraordinary interactive web tool that enables any lighting decision-maker to save 30% more energy than the ASHRAE 90.1-2004 standard energy code without sacrificing lighting quality that users need from lighting systems.

Line-Voltage Occupancy Sensors Provide Individual Fixture Control Option in Hi-Bay Lighting Retrofits
TED Magazine, May 2009
While tapping what remains arguably the hottest lighting retrofit market, lighting professionals should understand the full advantages of fluorescent over metal halide, such instant-on and re-strike, which enables the use of switching strategies typically not practical with HID light sources. An additional 30-80% energy savings using occupancy sensors and 10-30% savings using daylighting controls can be achieved in a hi-bay fluorescent upgrade ...

CLTC Study Demonstrates Major Energy Savings for Bilevel Occupancy Sensors
Lighting Controls Association, April 2009
The California Lighting Technology Center studied control strategies in eight private offices and found that combining occupancy sensing and bilevel switching produced the highest energy savings—about 50% more than using an occupancy sensor alone.

Department of Energy Names ASHRAE 90.1-2004 as New National Energy Standard
Lighting Controls Association, March 2009
The Department of Energy has named the ASHRAE 90.1-2004 energy standard as the new national energy standard effective December 30, 2010. This special report describes the relationship between ASHRAE 90.1 and LEED, Commercial Buildings Deduction, Federal building upgrades and the 2009 Congressional stimulus package, then details the major lighting differences between the 1999 version of 90.1, the current national energy standard, and the 2004 version, which will become the national standard in 2010.

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INTRODUCTION TO LIGHTING CONTROL

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

Lighting Upgrades and Facility Management
TFM Magazine, June 2009
Increased efficiency in this sphere is more important than ever, according to this article reprinted with permission of Today's Facility Manager Magazine. The article, originally published in April 2009, presents the results from a survey, sponsored by NEMA/EnLIGHTen America, which examines facility managers' attitudes on their plans to proceed.

Introduction to Lighting Automation
Lighting Controls Association
Lighting automation can save energy and is required by most energy codes. Before designing an automatic lighting control system, it's important to understand the functionality of controls and what questions to ask. This special report offers an introduction to automatic lighting control.

Introduction to Lighting Automation for the Home
Lighting Controls Association
"Automated lighting control—programmable dimming and on-off control—can transform a home as well as the homeowner's lifestyle. With declining costs and complexity, these systems are no longer exclusively the province of luxury homes ..."

Commercial Lease Properties: Finding the Benefit of Energy-Efficient Lighting Upgrades
Lighting Controls Association
"With an average building age of 30.5 years and average annual energy cost of about $16.4 billion or 1.06/sq.ft., non-owner-occupied buildings are a prime opportunity for upgrade to energy-efficient building technologies -- although traditionally, in general, they have been slow to embrace energy efficiency. In this white paper, we will explore the barriers to adoption of energy-efficient lighting and how to overcome them ..."

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CONSTRUCTION FORECAST

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

2009 Construction Outlook: "The Nonresidential Building Boom is Over"
Lighting Controls Association, January 2009
This construction outlook reviews the year's topline construction numbers, examines the directions that leading construction and electrical industry indicators are pointing, and provides a summary of the AIA Consensus Construction Forecast for 2009.

2008 Economic and Construction Forecast: Slower Growth, No Recession
Lighting Controls Association, January 2007
Although cooling rapidly at the end of 2007 and in a precarious position at the start of 2008, the U.S. economy is not technically in a recession and odds are a national recession will not occur this year unless the unemployment rate increases significantly. The economic slowdown is expected to reduce growth rates in nonresidential building construction markets starting in the second half of 2008 through 2009, although growth will remain impressive in 2008. The residential building construction market’s fall is expected to come in for a landing in the second half of 2008 and show robust growth in 2009. The result is total construction spending is expected to grow in 2008 after a modest decline in 2007.

2007 Construction Forecast: Nonresidential Market to Continue Growth, Residential Downturn to Stabilize
Lighting Controls Association
All forecasts point to a robust nonresidential construction market in 2007, while the housing market is predicted to make a soft landing.

2006 Construction Forecast: "Best Year for Nonresidential Construction Since 1998"
Lighting Controls Association
In 2006, construction industry analysts are again forecasting that the residential construction market will cool, with losses that should be offset by an increase in nonresidential construction. In addition, research suggests that the construction industry—from general contractors and equipment distributors to electrical and lighting manufacturers—is generally optimistic about 2006.

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CODES

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

Department of Energy Names ASHRAE 90.1-2004 as New National Energy Standard
Lighting Controls Association, March 2009
The Department of Energy has named the ASHRAE 90.1-2004 energy standard as the new national energy standard effective December 30, 2010. This special report describes the relationship between ASHRAE 90.1 and LEED, Commercial Buildings Deduction, Federal building upgrades and the 2009 Congressional stimulus package, then details the major lighting differences between the 1999 version of 90.1, the current national energy standard, and the 2004 version, which will become the national standard in 2010.

What's New for Lighting in the 2009 IECC Model Energy Code
Lighting Controls Association, February 2009
IECC 2009 contains a number of changes impacting lighting for commercial buildings, including 1) forced choice of compliance with entirety of IECC or 90.1, 2) required circuiting for independent control of lighting in "daylight zones," 3) revision of additional retail display allowances, 4) added exemptions to interior lighting wattage, and 5) calculating exterior power allownace using outdoor lighting zones.

What's New for Lighting in ASHRAE 90.1-2007
Lighting Controls Association, March 2008
Ready for adoption by states verbatim or amended, ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007's lighting section clarifies the Standard’s intent and enacts several significant refinements ...

Lighting Controls for Code Compliance in Interior Spaces
Lighting Controls Association, November 2007
With varying exceptions and requirements, IECC 2003 and 2006 and ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999, -2001 and -2004 all require interior automatic lighting shutoff controls as well as manual or automatic controls in interior enclosed spaces. This whitepaper provides a code comparison and guide to compliant controls options for the following interior controls provisions: 1) interior automatic lighting shutoff (IECC, 90.1), 2) interior space controls (IECC, 90.1), 3) interior light level reduction control (IECC) and 4) display/accent lighting control (90.1). You will learn the major controls provisions in IECC 2003/2006 and Standard 90.1-1999/2001/2004 and what control strategies can be used to comply with these code requirements.

Energy Code Survey Suggests 80% Compliance
Lighting Controls Association
Energy codes are a fact of life in many states, but how often are they actually complied with? How are codes enforced and who enforces them? Who on the design team carries the most responsibility and decision-making authority related to compliance? What are the most significant barriers to compliance? A recent study conducted by ZING Communications, Inc., sponsored by Architectural Products Magazine and the Lighting Controls Association, attempted to answer these questions.

California's Title 24-2005 Energy Code: Lighting Review & Commentary
Lighting Controls Association
"California has what many consider the strictest energy code in the country—The Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings, Title 24, Part 6, of the California Code of Regulations. Below are highlights of key lighting changes in the 2005 Title 24 (effective in October) ... "

2005 NEC Code Changes Impact Lighting Control Panels, Metal Halide Lighting
Lighting Controls Association
"The NFPA recently published the 2005 version of the NEC, which is enforceable in all states and municipalities that adopt it. Several provisions in the new Code affect lighting, including lighting control panels, metal halide fixtures, and disconnecting fluorescent fixtures prior to servicing ..."

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LEGISLATION

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

2007 Energy Law Eliminates Probe-Start Metal Halide Fixtures
Lighting Controls Assocation, December 2008
The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 contains significant provisions affecting the sale of metal halide lighting fixtures. Starting in 2009, 150-500W metal halide lighting fixtures must contain ballasts that operate at a certain level of efficiency, virtually eliminating probe-start lamps and ballasts from new fixtures.

Congress Extends Commercial Buildings Deduction to 2013
Lighting Controls Association, November 2008
The Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 2005 created the Commercial Buildings Deduction (CBD), which established an accelerated tax deduction rewarding investment in energy-efficient interior lighting and other building systems. Initially set to expire in 2007 and then in 2008, the CBD was recently extended by Congress to expire in five years, on December 31, 2013. This special report by the Lighting Controls Association explains how to qualify for the CBD using the Interim Lighting Rule, which is fully implementable.

Energy Act Outlaws Many Incandescent Reflector Lamps
Lighting Controls Association, June 2008
While general-service incandescent lamps have received the most attention in media coverage of the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007, with provisions beginning to take effect in 2012, many popular incandescent reflector lamps are being outlawed this month.

New Energy Law to Phase Out Today's Common Incandescent Lamps, Probe-Start Metal Halide Ballasts in New Fixtures
Lighting Controls Association, January 2008
The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (HR6) does not include many provisions directly related to lighting. Two of its provisions, however, are nonetheless highly significant. One virtually eliminates the manufacture of today’s probe-start magnetic metal halide ballasts starting in 2009. Another virtually eliminates the manufacture of most common general-service incandescent lamps, putting billions of sockets up for grabs.

Energy Policy Act of 2005 Sets New Ballast Efficiency Standards
Lighting Controls Association
While new fluorescent ballast efficiency rules went into effect earlier this year, another batch of rules have just been passed that will affect lighting systems starting in 2009. This time, the efficacy standards have been set high enough that the vast majority of magnetic ballasts—including ballasts operating energy-saving T12 lamps—will no longer comply.

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RESEARCH

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

CLTC Study Demonstrates Major Energy Savings for Bilevel Occupancy Sensors
Lighting Controls Association, April 2009
The California Lighting Technology Center studied control strategies in eight private offices and found that combining occupancy sensing and bilevel switching produced the highest energy savings—about 50% more than using an occupancy sensor alone.

Research Demonstrates Controls Can Help Reduce School Average Power Density to About Half of ASHRAE 2004/2007
Lighting Controls Association, April 2008
NYSERDA sponsored a demonstration project featuring a new Integrated Classroom Lighting System (ICLS), installed as a retrofit into 28 existing classrooms at seven schools and universities. The Lighting Research Center (LRC) assessed teacher and student satisfaction. The result is a design template demonstrated to satisfy audio-visual needs and improve teacher and student satisfaction while reducing lighting power density to an average 0.73W/sq.ft., nearly 50% less than ASHRAE 90.1-2004/2007.

Study: Controls Combine to Deliver Large, Persistent Energy Savings and Improved Occupant Satisfaction in Open Office
Lighting Controls Association, December 2007
Involving about 90 workers, this landmark one-year study determined that occupancy sensing, daylight harvesting and individual occupant dimming control worked together in a real-world open-office building to produce average energy savings of 47% while correlating with higher occupant environmental and job satisfaction.

New Study Finds Adoption of Dimming Systems to be Increasing
Lighting Controls Association
"... The research suggests that the use of dimming systems is steadily increasing, largely due to lighting industry participants specifying and recommending dimming systems to their clients primarily to provide the benefits of flexibility and energy savings in their projects. The research further suggests that dimming is being used in a broader range of spaces and applications, such as personal control and global control that includes integration with other building systems ... "

Bi-Level Switching Study Demonstrates Energy Savings
Lighting Controls Association
"While automatic shutoff of general lighting, required by prevailing energy codes, has received a significant amount of attention by the lighting specification community, bi-level switching is another frequent code requirement that can play an important role in energy conservation ..."

Dirt Study Reveals New Energy-Saving Opportunities in Lighting
Lighting Controls Association
"The interNational Association of Lighting Management Companies (NALMCO) recently completed a three-year, EPA-funded study of luminaire (lighting fixture) dirt depreciation that may significantly impact lighting design and energy-saving upgrades ... "

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SUSTAINABILITY

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

NEMA Premium Ballast Brand Now Includes High-Efficiency T8 Electronic Ballasts
Lighting Controls Association, May 2008
NEMA launched the Premium Ballast program to identify the industry’s most efficient fluorescent fixed-output and dimmable electronic T8 ballasts, thereby providing a mechanism for market recognition and specification of these products. Ballasts qualifying as NEMA Premium Ballasts are recognizable via a special mark on the label distinguishing these products as the most efficient T8 ballasts on the market.

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EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

NEMA Digital Lighting Controls Open Protocol Promises Major Breakthrough in Digital Lighting
Lighting Controls Association, January 2009
While DALI has promised the advantage of multi-vendor interoperability and associated benefits of competition among vendors, the protocol only covers th eballast and not ballast control devices such as sensors and switches. To solve the problem, NEMA's Joint Sections Committee on DALI partnered with the California Energy Commission to author an expanded DALI protocol that incorporates standard DALI control devices. The new draft standard, called the NEMA Digital Lighting Controls Open Protocol, enables design of truly robust and interoperable open-protocol digital lighting control systems for the first time.

Load Shedding Ballasts Enable Demand Response Retrofits
Lighting Controls Association, October 2008
Building owners can reduce demand charges by shaving their demand peaks using a strategy called load shedding—either on a schedule, in response to price signals, or upon request from the building's electric utility. Lighting provides good opportunities for load shedding because it usually occurs when daylight is available, with savings possible year-round. There are many ways to achieve load shedding using lighting control, providing building owners with choices when it comes to finding a solution that's right for them.

NEMA Premium Ballast Brand Now Includes High-Efficiency T8 Electronic Ballasts
Lighting Controls Association, May 2008
NEMA launched the Premium Ballast program to identify the industry’s most efficient fluorescent fixed-output and dimmable electronic T8 ballasts, thereby providing a mechanism for market recognition and specification of these products. Ballasts qualifying as NEMA Premium Ballasts are recognizable via a special mark on the label distinguishing these products as the most efficient T8 ballasts on the market.

Distributed Control Promises Greater Value
Lighting Controls Association, January 2006
"Distributed control is a lighting control panel strategy that enables flexible scheduling of multiple control zones while potentially reducing the system’s installed cost. Distributed intelligence is an option in distributed control that can increase reliability and flexibility in design of control systems. In this special report from the Lighting Controls Association, we will present distributed control and distributed intelligence as options for scheduling/lighting control panel-based control systems ..."

DALI and the Promise of Digital Dimming
Lighting Controls Association
Digital dimming can be used almost anywhere that analog dimming can be used, for the same purposes: visual needs, personal control, daylight harvesting, scheduling and other control strategies. If fluorescent dimming is desirable for a given application, digital dimming can offer distinct advantages related to intelligence, flexibility and two-way communication.

DALI by Design
DALIbyDesign
"A collaborative non-commercial site for practitioners in the illuminating engineering community, where you will find information about the Digital Addressable Lighting Interface (DALI) from component providers, specifiers and system commissioners ..."

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OCCUPANCY SENSORS

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

Occupancy Sensors A-Z
Lighting Controls Association
Due to their relative simplicity and high energy savings, coupled with the requirement in prevailing energy codes for automatic lighting shut-off, occupancy sensors are rapidly becoming a standard feature in new buildings and retrofits. This article describes the seven steps for the effective application of occupancy sensors.

Line-Voltage Occupancy Sensors Provide Individual Fixture Control Option in Hi-Bay Lighting Retrofits
TED Magazine, May 2009
While tapping what remains arguably the hottest lighting retrofit market, lighting professionals should understand the full advantages of fluorescent over metal halide, such instant-on and re-strike, which enables the use of switching strategies typically not practical with HID light sources. An additional 30-80% energy savings using occupancy sensors and 10-30% savings using daylighting controls can be achieved in a hi-bay fluorescent upgrade ...

Study Finds Occupancy Sensors Routinely Commissioned by Satisfied Contractors, but Suffer Higher Callback Rate
Lighting Controls Association
A new study conducted by ZING Communications, Inc., co-sponsored by the Lighting Controls Association and Watt Stopper/Legrand, suggests that electrical contractors routinely calibrate motion sensitivity and time delay settings in occupancy sensor installations; recommend occupancy sensors in a majority of lighting retrofit projects; select time delay settings that on average support optimal energy savings and lamp life; and are satisfied with occupancy sensor performance, ease of installation and commissioning, and customer/occupant acceptance. However, the survey results also suggest that contractors nonetheless report a high rate of callbacks compared to previous research concerning other lighting technologies.

Dispelling Myths About Ultrasonic Occupancy Sensors
Lighting Controls Association
Ultrasonic sensor technology has been used for more than 25 years in commercial lighting and security devices, and has proven to be the most effective method for detecting small body movements. This special report addresses certain marketing and sales claims made in the industry about ultrasonic sensors by at least one manufacturer that are false.

The Effects of Changing Occupancy Sensor Timeout Settings on Energy Savings, Lamp Cycling and Maintenance Costs (PDF)
Lighting Research Center
"A fairly large body of literature exists that reports on the potential savings for using occupancy sensors …"

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FLUORESCENT DIMMING

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

Personal Control: Boosting Productivity, Energy Savings
Lighting Controls Association
"A number of studies demonstrate that personal dimming can result in higher productivity—specifically in the metrics of vigilance, motivation and satisfaction—and also in energy savings. These advantages are resulting in a significant new trend towards adoption of personal dimming solutions among designers and building owners ... "

Dimming Ballasts: Technology, Methods, Protocols
Lighting Controls Association
"Dimmable fluorescent systems combine the long life and energy efficiency of fluorescent lamps with the controllability and full-range dimming capabilities of incandescent systems. In this article, we'll discuss how linear fluorescent lamps are dimmed, then compare popular methods for dimming with pros/ cons of each ..."

Study Demonstrates Worker Performance Impact of Personal Lighting Control
Lighting Controls Association
"New landmark research study conducted by the Light Right Consortium indicates that personal control of lighting not only saves energy, but can result in a significant improvement in employee satisfaction and motivation. Confirming previous studies indicating a causal link between personal control and performance, the study is an important step in validating the impact that quality lighting -- in particular personal control -- can have on how people perform in the workplace ... "

Dimming T8 Fluorescent System Problems
Lighting Research Center
“A major retail chain encountered problems, including early lamp failure, with some of its dimming fluorescent lighting systems. This issue of Lighting Diagnostics summarizes the problems encountered and the evaluation and findings of the NLPIP Lighting Diagnostics team sent to investigate. The investigators determined several problems relating to the lamps, ballasts, luminaires, lamp-holders, and the installations themselves …”

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DAYLIGHT HARVESTING

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

Sign of the Times: Free Photosensor Placement Tool Wins Top Honors at 2008 Lightfair
Lighting Controls Association, July 2008
To be successful, daylighting control projects require special attention to photosensor placement and predicting daylighting impacts, integration of daylight and electric lighting, and potential energy savings. Enter SPOT 4.0, a free software tool that helps designers to quantify electric and daylighting with associated energy use in a given space and across all seasons.

Good Controls Design Key to Saving Energy with Daylighting
Lighting Controls Association
"Daylighting has become a more important feature of mainstream construction due to the sustainable design movement. Daylighting is the use of daylight as a primary source of illumination in a space ... For a daylighting strategy to be successful, the designer must effectively design the electric lighting system and specifically, an effective controls strategy ... "

Sidelighting Photocontrols Field Study: Lessons Learned
Lighting Controls Association
The Sidelighting Photocontrols Field Study, conducted by Heschong Mahone Group and funded by Southern California Edison, Pacific Gas & Electric and the Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance, examined photocontrol system performance in 123 sidelit spaces in west coast buildings. Read this paper to see what's working and not working with installed photocontrol systems in sidelighting applications.

Why Do Daylight Harvesting Projects Succeed or Fail?
Lighting Controls Association
The Weidt Group conducted a study of daylight harvesting projects to find out if daylight harvesting projects are living up to their expectations. The team—consisting of David Eijadi, Prasad Vaidya, Tom McDougall, Jason Steinbock and Jim Douglas—reviewed dozens of completed projects, most of which were sidelit using windows, and separated the success stories—some of them operating for 25 years -- from projects they considered to be failures.

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HID CONTROL

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

HID Lamp Dimming
Lighting Controls Association
"HID lamp dimming has grown in popularity in recent years. Dimming HID lamps can result in energy savings, peak demand reduction and greater flexibility in multi-use spaces. Dimming reduces energy costs by reducing the input power to the lighting system. It can be used to reduce peak demand and therefore reduce costly utility demand charges that can be a significant component of the total utility cost. And it offers greater flexibility to adapt spaces to different uses ... "

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DESIGN, INTEGRATION, COMMISSIONING

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

DOE Web Tool Lights the Way Beyond 90.1 for Retail Buildings
Lighting Controls Association, May 2009
Commercial Lighting Solutions 1.0 for Retail seeks to stimulate adoption of advanced lighting technologies and design practices by making them available to the broader lighting specification community, not just the leaders in the field. The result is an extraordinary interactive web tool that enables any lighting decision-maker to save 30% more energy than the ASHRAE 90.1-2004 standard energy code without sacrificing lighting quality that users need from lighting systems.

Fluorescent Retrofits in Hi-Bay and Lo-Bay Applications
Lighting Controls Association, revised May 2009
This popular whitepaper, revised in May 2009, presents detailed fluorescent upgrade options for standard metal halide hi-bay and lo-bay applications.

Why Commission Lighting Control Projects?
Lighting Controls Association
Commissioning the lighting control system is often a critical component of the design and installation process, and can distinguish whether a project will succeed or fail. Commissioning can help ensure proper equipment operation, user acceptance and intended energy savings in both new construction and renovation projects.

Free Download: 2003 Advanced Lighting Guidelines
New Buildings Institute
"The goal of the Guidelines is to provide a comprehensive, regularly updated document that will remain useful to lighting decision-makers and that will encourage appropriate practice for lighting design in building." PDF version available as free download.

Lighting Commissioning (PDF)
Lighting Design Lab
“Commissioning has been well defined by Florida Power and Light as ‘a systematic process of ensuring that all building systems perform interactively according to documented design intent and the owner’s operational needs …’”

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TROUBLESHOOTING

EDUCATION EXPRESS
Lighting Controls Association
The Lighting Controls Association has created a comprehensive online education program consisting of a large number of courses about lighting and lighting controls.

Troubleshooting Fluorescent Dimming Installations
Lighting Controls Association
This guide describes common fluorescent dimming problems and provides possible causes and corrective action.

Troubleshooting Nuisance Switching in Occupancy Sensor Installations
Lighting Controls Association
This guide describes common nuisance switching modes in occupancy sensor installations and provides possible causes and corrective action.

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ARCHIVES

The below whitepapers are obsolete and are posted here for general research purposes.

Automated Lighting Controls Becoming Standard in New Construction
Lighting Controls Association
"Lighting automation is now becoming the rule rather than the exception, according to a new market research study funded by The Watt Stopper and conducted by Ducker Research. The study found that lighting automation is being used in a majority of new construction and renovation projects in the office and school markets. Approximately 65% of these projects feature lighting automation. The study also found that specifiers and users are very interested in the advantages of controls -- primarily energy savings and energy code compliance -- but seek simple, low-cost solutions … "

Controlling L.E.D. Lighting Systems
Lighting Controls Association
"LEDs currently dominate the exit sign market, are making inroads into the traffic signal market (with current penetration estimated at 15-20%), show significant promise for automobile lighting, and are being sold in a variety of consumer products such as flashlights and light wands. In commercial applications, colored LEDs, which can be combined in custom arrays, can also be controlled to produce dynamic color-changing effects for contour lighting, wall washing, accent lighting, signage, advertising, display, public space and 'architainment' applications ..."

LCA Application Guide
Lighting Controls Association
Handy reference guide: See a list of common application types and appropriate lighting controls solutions.

LEED-EB Extends Green Rating System to Existing Buildings
Lighting Controls Association
In terms of lighting, the LEED rating system for existing buildings addresses 1) light pollution reduction, 2) energy efficiency, 3) performance-related issues such as commissioning and sub-metering, 4) mercury content in lamps, and 5) controllability of lighting systems.

Green Design
Lighting Controls Association
"Energy and environmental concerns have refocused U.S. corporations and the design communities on sustainability issues in construction, renovation and existing buildings. A program, backed by more than 1,400 organizations, has formed to provide a standard for adoption of green design practices, rewarding participating corporations with financial and marketing benefits. Lighting professionals should be aware of this program and its energy requirements so as to participate in projects whose goal is to earn program certification, and to gain the benefits of becoming a green lighting designer ..."

New Technologies Set the Stage for Dramatic Expansion of Wireless Control
Lighting Controls Association
"Wireless control is one of the most exciting frontiers in lighting control and energy management, offering significant potential benefits for residential and nonresidential lighting systems ... In this special report from the Lighting Controls Association, we will discuss how RF wireless control works, how to evaluate available technologies, and emerging technologies that may revolutionize wireless control in both residential and commercial applications."

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